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College Thermodynamics Questions

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College Thermodynamics
Which of the following correctly describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
  1. The universe is constantly decreasing in disorder
  2. The entropy in the universe is equal to zero
  3. The universe is constantly increasing in disorder
  4. None of the above
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following can be used to calculate entropy changes in reactions?
  1. ∆Gºreaction=∑nr∆Gºf{reactants}-∑np∆Gºf{products}
  2. ∆Gºreaction=∑nr∆Gºf{reactants}+∑np∆Gºf{products}
  3. ∆Gºreaction=∑np∆Gºf{products}-∑nr∆Gºf{reactants}
  4. None of the above
College Thermodynamics
In addition to what is posited about changes in entropy, according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, what is happening to energy?
  1. Energy is decreasing
  2. Energy is increasing
  3. Energy is constant
  4. Energy is equal to zero
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following correctly represents when the equilibrium point occurs?
  1. When the value of ∆Gº=1, only
  2. When the value of ∆Gº<0, only
  3. When the value of ∆Gº>0, only
  4. At the lowest value of free energy available to the system
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following correctly describes an increase in entropy?
  1. freezing
  2. crystallization of a solution
  3. dissolving
  4. condensation
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following always result as products of the combustion of fossil fuels?
  1. carbon dioxide and oxygen
  2. carbon, oxygen, and water
  3. carbon dioxide and water
  4. hydrocarbons, only
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following correctly classifies entropy?
  1. It is an intensive property, in that it depends on the identity of the substance
  2. It is an extensive property, in that it depends on the number of moles
  3. It is neither extensive nor intensive
  4. It is an extensive property, in that it depends on the identity of the substance
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following represents ∆Gº, in terms of temperature?
  1. ∆Gº=∆Hº+T∆Sº
  2. ∆Gº=∆Hº-T∆Sº
  3. ∆Gº=∆Hº-T∆Sº
  4. ∆Gº=-∆Hº-T∆Sº
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following hydrocarbons are present in natural gas?
  1. Methane
  2. Ethane
  3. Butane
  4. All of the above
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following represents an increase in positional entropy?
  1. 2CO(g)+O2(g)→2CO2(g)
  2. 2C2H6(g)+7O2(g)→4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)
  3. N2(g)+O2(g)→2NO(g)
  4. None of the above
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following represents the standard free energy of formation?
  1. Change in free energy present at 1 atm
  2. Change in free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole from constituent elements
  3. Change in free energy present at 273 K
  4. Both (a) and (c)
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following equations correctly characterizes the equation used in the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
  1. ∆Suniv=∆Ssys-∆Ssurr
  2. ∆Suniv=∆Ssys∆Ssurr
  3. ∆Suniv=∆Ssys•∆Ssurr
  4. ∆Suniv=∆Ssys+∆Ssurr
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following equations correctly describes a system that is at equilibrium?
  1. ∆G<0 and K=Q
  2. ∆G>0 and K=Q
  3. ∆G=0, only
  4. ∆G=0 and K=Q
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following correctly represents trends in Sº, in going from H2O(s) to H2O(l)?
  1. A decrease
  2. An increase
  3. A decrease, and an increase
  4. No changes
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following reactions correctly demonstrates an increase in positional entropy?
  1. 2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(l)
  2. N2(g)+O2(g)→2NO(g)
  3. N2O4(g)→2NO2(g)
  4. None of the above
College Thermodynamics
For reactants involving gas molecules, which of the following conditions need to be constant, in order to determine changes in positional entropy?
  1. Temperature, only
  2. Pressure, only
  3. Temperature and Pressure, only
  4. Volume, only
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following factors dominates changes in positional entropy for particles in a reaction, when gaseous reactants and products are involved?
  1. The temperature of the particles
  2. The volume of the particles
  3. The physical states of the particles themselves
  4. The numbers of gaseous reactants and products
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following accounts for the entropy value of a perfect crystal at 0 K?
  1. All of the particles are arranged in a regular pattern
  2. All of the particles are arranged in a perfect position in the lattice structure
  3. All of the particles move past one another with minimal entropy
  4. All of the particles are evenly dispersed
College Thermodynamics
Which of the following represents changes in directionality, when ∆Gº decreases?
  1. The reaction shifts to the left
  2. The reaction does not change
  3. The reaction's directionality depends on the actual value of ∆Gº
  4. The reaction slowly shifts to the right
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