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Graduate Social Sciences Questions

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Graduate Sociology
Of the three models presented in this book, which one has been the one most frequently applied in family therapy to date?
  1. Chaos Theory
  2. Complexity Theory
  3. Conflict Theory
  4. New Physics Theory
Graduate Sociology
Two concepts that are closely related to Hanson's wholes approach to meaning are
  1. Symbolic Interactionalism; Constructivism
  2. Constructivism; Cause/Effect
  3. Symbolic Interactionism; Isolationism
Graduate Sociology
_______ captures the idea that when you act on a system, a number of different stimuli can lead to the same result.
  1. Equifinality
  2. Multifinality
Graduate Sociology
Which is NOT likely to be used to demonstrate underlying deterministic nonlinearity (chaos)?
  1. Phase portraits of complex systems
  2. Graphical representations of data rather than numerical analysis
  3. Calculate Lyapunov exponents to measure sensitivity to initial conditions
  4. Calculate a capacity dimension to see the degree of chaos
Graduate Sociology
The act of observing people produces changes in their behavior is referred to as ______.
  1. The Butterfly Effect
  2. The Hawthorne Effect
  3. The Chaos Effect
  4. The Whitaker Effect
Graduate Sociology
Which descriptor does NOT fit with theories of family functioning in the future?
  1. Chaos theory suggests that we be very careful before we design soc ial policy for the family.
  2. If we want to strengthen the institution of the family, we must allow for maximal diversity in family types and patterns.
  3. Families are networks of systemic relationships, characterized by a high degree of emotional involvement.
  4. Family functioning relys on the concept of homeostasis and balance.
Graduate Sociology
T or F. It takes approximately 10 to 100 times as long to get physical variables as it does to get behavioral variables.
  1. True
  2. False
Graduate Sociology
____ is what occurs in a system as it emerges from a chaotic period in a transformational state to become a new steady state.
  1. Self-oranization
  2. Bifurcation
  3. Homeostasis
  4. Linear thinking
Graduate Sociology
With the rise of the temperance movement and the formation of the Women's Christian Temperance Union in the early 1900s, Prohibition was put into place. This process best illustrates ____________.
  1. Equifinality
  2. Multifinality
Graduate Sociology
Which is a FALSE statement?
  1. Complexity threory indicates that for a reorganizqation to occur in the family, there must be an increase in instability or disorder.
  2. Applying the theoretical constructs of chaos theory, family systems should be no more amenable to accurate prediction than weather systems.
  3. Cognitive chaos is necessary for change to occur.
  4. As one moves from the general to the specific, patterns become much easier and predictable.
Graduate Sociology
Which analogy or illustration does NOT imply "Co-emergence?"
  1. A linear model of A+B+C=X
  2. A child's seesaw
  3. The movie WAR GAMES
  4. Apple computers
Graduate Sociology
Which is NOT a central feature of "Suprarationality?"
  1. Content-level emotion
  2. Context-level emotion
  3. Higher order
  4. Nonlinearity
Graduate Sociology
Which is NOT a chaos theory approach to psychotherapy outcomes?
  1. Chaos theory suggests that virtually every psychotherapy outcome study must now be recognized as theoretically inadequate.
  2. Chaos theory suggests that we use the linear model of change to see the effect of therapy at the time it ends or slightly soon after.
  3. Chaos theory suggests that more appropriate data collections will be much more difficult.
  4. Chaos theory indicates that our outcome evaluation will have to include many other systems than simply the identified client and their therapist.
Graduate Sociology
The major contribution from chaos theory regarding crisis intervention can be stated as:
  1. Perceptual crises that are allayed too quickly will not produce optimal change.
  2. To increase the possibility of self-organization, interventions should be as invasive as possible.
  3. The more controlling of the system an intervention is, the more likely that the family will self-organize.
Graduate Sociology
______ points out that the intended result of an action may have a host of unintended offshoots and may cause more new problems than the original problem.
  1. Equifinality
  2. Multifinality
Graduate Sociology
TRUE or FALSE? Following a steady state, if a new perturbation disturbs the stability of the system sufficiently, it will bifurcate. Pushed even further, it will move toward a chaotic state, after going through a period-doubling route to chaos.
  1. True
  2. False
Graduate Sociology
Which is NOT a property of Bertalanffy's concept of "open system?"
  1. Wholeness
  2. Nonsummativity
  3. Multifinality
  4. Feedback
Graduate Sociology
Which is a FALSE statement concerning the influence of therapists from the chaos theory viewpoint?
  1. Therapists may not have enough immediate and predictable influence in the system to overcome other attractors.
  2. Therapies for families with chronic and long-standing problems may have to go on longer than some therapists wish.
  3. When families are "sick," they can be "cured" through radical intervention.
  4. Rapid therapy may cure the client, and yet it may make the rest of the system sicker.
Graduate Sociology
Which is a FALSE statement concerning destabilization and treatment?
  1. Chaos theory can give us a theoretical rationale for when it is and isn't appropriate to destabilize a family system.
  2. Using traditional linear statistical techniques, we are able to accurately predict early termination about ninety percent of the time.
  3. Destabilization is to be avoided at critical family transitional points.
  4. If symptoms appear suddenly and without substantial buildup, they are generated by a family system that is undergoing significant levels of instability.
Graduate Sociology
In Chaos Theory, ________ is the territory in which strange attractors live; and _______ is the boundary of language and communication that organizes relationships.
  1. Phrase Space/Phase Space
  2. Phase Space/Phrase Space
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